Ophthalmology deals with eye-related medical conditions. Ophthalmologists are specialists in the medical and surgical care of the eye. If you have symptoms of cataracts, eye infections, optic nerve disorders, or other eye diseases, your general practitioner may refer you to an ophthalmologist. Ophthalmologists are responsible for diagnosing, preventing, and treating practically all eye diseases and vision problems. Subspecialist ophthalmologists can treat and monitor specific problems, including: 
•    Glaucoma
•    Cases of cataracts 
•    Corneal conditions 
•    Retinal conditions such as macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy
•    Cases of diseases with a neurological origin such as optic nerve abnormalities, abnormal eye movements, double vision, and some types of vision loss
•    Cases involving extensive eyesight repair or reconstructive surgery

1. Cataract Surgery

Cataract surgery is a surgical operation that removes your eye's lens and, in most circumstances, replaces it with an artificial lens. Normally, your eye's lens is clear. A cataract forces the lens to become clouded, affecting your vision. Cataract surgery has two main types. Your doctor can explain the differences and assist you in determining which is best for you:

Phacoemulsification or Phaco: 
A small probe is inserted into the eye. This device delivers ultrasonic waves that weaken and break up the lens, allowing it to be suctioned out. Most cataract surgeries nowadays are performed with phacoemulsification, often known as "minimal incision cataract surgery."

Extracapsular Surgery:  
Your doctor creates a larger incision on the cornea's side and removes the clouded core of the lens in one piece. Cataract surgery is often performed as an outpatient operation using local anesthesia (numbing gel in the eye) and mild intravenous sedation. You should not see any instruments approaching your eye, nor should you experience any pain in your eye.

2. Laser Trabeculoplasty

Laser trabeculoplasty is a procedure used to treat open-angle glaucoma. It involves laser light, which is directed toward the trabecular meshwork. The trabecular meshwork is a network of small channels via which fluid drains from the eye. The laser's energy allows fluid to flow more freely from the front of the eye, lowering intraocular pressure. There are 2 types: 

Trabeculoplasty Using Argon Laser (ALT):
This results in minor burns in the trabecular meshwork. It is seldom used.
 
Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT):
It involves a lower-power laser than ALT and does not produce trabecular meshwork burns. SLT is presently the most common method used by surgeons to do laser trabeculoplasty.

3. Vision Correction Surgery

If you wear glasses, you've undoubtedly heard about vision surgery. The most popular are laser operations such as LASIK and PRK. Another alternative is a lens implant, which may be more effective if you are extremely nearsighted. These procedures can restore 20/20 vision and reduce or eliminate the requirement for glasses or contact lenses. People who are nearsighted, farsighted, or have an irregularly shaped cornea, known as astigmatism, benefit from laser surgery. However, it is not for everyone. It may be appropriate for you if: 
•    You are between the ages of 21 and 60.
•    Your glasses have not been changed in at least a year.
•    Your eyes and general health are good.

4. Cornea Transplant

The cornea is a transparent layer located on the front of your eye that facilitates the focus of light so you can see clearly. If it is damaged, a cornea transplant may be necessary. The new cornea is obtained from persons who volunteered to give their corneas after they died. A cornea transplant, also known as keratoplasty, can restore eyesight, relieve discomfort, and even enhance the look of your damaged cornea.

5. Retinal Detachment Surgery

Retinal detachment occurs when the retina separates from the surrounding tissue (the choroid), which provides it with oxygen and nutrients. When the retina becomes detached, it stops functioning and vision is lost. The retina is reattached to the back of the eye and any breaks or holes are sealed during retinal detachment surgery. Your eye specialist will evaluate your eye to determine the best procedure for you.

Scleral Buckling is when a retinal rupture is repaired with cryotherapy, the fluid behind the retina is drained, and a particularly designed piece of silicone rubber is sutured to the sclera or the outside wall of the eye. The silicone forms an indentation, pushing the eye-wall back onto the retina.

Vitrectomy Surgery is surgically removing the vitreous under an operating microscope with very tiny equipment, treating any tears with laser or cryotherapy, and filling the eye with gas or silicone oil.

Cure Direct Hub has listed top 5 most common ophthalmology treatments available in different countries in the world. We can connect you with the best hospitals offering these ophthalmology treatments at a very affordable price. So you can get an ophthalmology treatment and also travel to a new country. You can also enjoy some new beautiful attractions while you are there for your treatment.