Any surgical procedure involving the heart or the blood arteries that deliver blood to and from the heart is referred to as cardiac surgery or heart surgery. These operations are common among individuals with cardiac disease or who have had a cardiac arrest, stroke, or blood clot, as well as in people who are at high risk of developing these conditions. A primary care physician, cardiologist, cardiac surgeon, anesthetist, and other professionals will be part of the team who looks for patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. 

While cardiovascular surgery isn't always required to treat heart issues, doctors might recommend it for several reasons, including prevention or treatment of heart attacks and thrombosis, treating abnormal heart rhythms, opening narrowed or blocked arteries, repairing congenital heart issues, and repairing damaged or diseased heart valves. Some cardiovascular diseases necessitate open surgery, although many are addressed with minimally invasive procedures such as catheters and robots.

1. Aortic Dissection Repair

An aortic dissection is a rupture (dissection) in the walls of the aorta, the body's major artery. The aorta is responsible for transporting blood from the heart to the body's other organs. A rupture allows blood to enter the three layers of the aorta. This limits the quantity of oxygen and nutrients accessible to the organs in your body.
Aortic dissection is a life-threatening condition. Early detection and treatment are crucial. The rupture can damage your brain, lungs, limbs, legs, and heart over time. This is determined by where the rupture occurs in your aorta. Treatment is also determined by the location of the rupture. If the rupture is on the ascending aorta, surgery is most certainly required. This is the section of the aorta that runs from your chest to your head.

2. Percutaneous Balloon Pericardiotomy

Percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy (PBP) is a treatment that drains excess fluid from the sac that surrounds the heart. A long and thin tube with a balloon attached is used in the surgery. The tube is used to drain fluid from pericardium. The pericardium is made up of two thin layers separated by a little amount of fluid. As the layers rub against each other, the fluid lowers friction.

3. Tricuspid Valve Replacement And Repair

The tricuspid valve regulates blood flow from the heart's right upper chamber to its right lower chamber. Infection, rheumatic heart disease, or congenital abnormalities can cause this valve to malfunction. When the tricuspid valve is damaged, the heart has to work harder to deliver blood to the body, which can result in cardiac failure.
Scar tissue or calcium deposits can cause damaged valve leaflets to become thick and rigid, or they might become thin and weak, resulting in an ineffective valve. Infection may also destroy the leaflets. Surgery will be required to repair or replace the tricuspid valve.

4. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)

It is done to treat coronary heart disease. It redirects blood around blocked or obstructed segments of the major arteries, increasing circulation and oxygen delivery to the heart. The heart, like all organs of the body, requires a steady flow of blood. This is supplied by the left and right coronary arteries, which are large blood vessels. 
These arteries could become constricted and hardened over time due to the accumulation of fatty deposits known as plaques. This is referred to as atherosclerosis. Coronary heart disease is defined as atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries.

5. Heart Transplant

A heart transplant is a procedure that replaces a damaged heart with a healthy donor heart. A heart transplant is often reserved for those whose condition has not improved sufficiently with medicines or other operations. While a heart transplant is a serious surgery, with proper follow-up treatment, your chances of survival are good.
When other procedures for cardiac diseases have failed, resulting in heart failure, a heart transplant is undertaken. Heart failure occurs due to:
•    Degeneration of the cardiac muscle (cardiomyopathy)
•    Coronary artery disease (cad)
•    Heart valve disease
•    You were born with a cardiac condition (congenital heart defect)
•    Other treatments do not control severe recurring irregular heart rhythms (ventricular arrhythmias).
•    Previous heart transplant failure
If the transplant center's medical team decides that you are a suitable candidate for a heart transplant, you will be placed on a waiting list. Because more patients need hearts than donors, the wait might be lengthy. Finding a donor is dependent on your size, blood type, and level of disease. During your wait, your healthcare team will monitor your heart as well as other organs and change your treatment as needed.

Cure Direct Hub has listed top 5 most common cardiac surgery treatments available in different countries in the world. We can connect you with the best hospitals offering these cardiac surgery treatments at a very affordable price. So you can get a cardiac surgery treatment and also travel to a new country. You can also enjoy some new beautiful attractions while you are there for your treatment.